Reuters reported recently that the WTO is bracing itself for the surge in trade disputes in its dispute settlement mechanism. 2013 is going to see an increase in trade disputes.
"A surge in trade disputes has forced the World Trade organization to reallocate staff to cope with a flood of litigation in the pipeline for 2013, according to diplomats and documents at the global trade body in Geneva.
The WTO's 157 members have launched 26 trade disputes so far in 2012, the most since 2003 and three times more than the eight new complaints filed in 2011.
According to an internal WTO document seen by Reuters, the WTO decided to reallocate staff to the disputes team to deal with the increasing number and complexity of legal cases."The increase in trade disputes points out to a number of conclusions:
1. The faith WTO members repose int he rule-based dispute settlement process - the "crown jewel" of the WTO system. This reliance is also causing a strain on the system with the WTO apparently having to reallocate staff to meet the growing dispute count.
2.Negotiations are moving at a slow pace with Doha tottering. Political negotiations and judicial dispute resolution are two facets of the multilateral institution. If one fails to progress, the other is burdened with the responsibility of tackling many of the issues international trade faces. Hence, experts argue that the dispute settlement mechanism is facing the heat due to the failed Doha round. There has to be a safety valve somewhere. Whether it addresses the new reality of trade, including global supply chains and RTAs is another issue.
3. Countries are increasingly using the dispute settlement process as part of an overall national strategy to engage with the multilateral system. They do not view it just as a judicial process. National policies are defended here and policies of other countries that impact market access of a country's products are challenged here. A trade dispute is no longer viewed as a trade war. It is increasingly being used as a tool in the overall trade policy strategy of a country engaging in the multilateral system.
Legal capacity, technical expertise and a diverse team of lawyers, trade policy analysts and economists need to come together in handling a dispute. Some disputes are extremely complex matters involving the use of econometric models and trade statistics. Also, some of these disputes (like the Canadian FiT case, Airbus-Boeing Subsidies case) are going to have a lasting impact on the renewable energy sector.
Overall, 2013 is going to be fun for International Trade Lawyers worldwide.
2 comments:
Hi Mr. Srikar,
To me, I strongly believe that the increase in disputes at the WTO is a sign of increasing confidence of WTO Members in the DSM. The system has definitely worked well and shown some positive results.
As Amb. Agah pointed out last year in a light vein, WTO Members are a truly litigious lot!
Dear Jayant,
You are absolutely right - a rule-based system over a power based system! Developing countries must engage with the system to pursue their legitimate national agendas!
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